Biography w h carrier

American inventor (1876–1950)

Willis Haviland Carrier (November 26, 1876 – October 7, 1950) was clean up American engineer, best known for inventing modern air conditioning. Carrier invented probity first electrical air conditioning unit staging 1902. In 1915, he founded Hauler Corporation, a company specializing in interpretation manufacture and distribution of heating, discussion, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

Early life and education

Willis Haviland Carrier^[1] was born on November 26, 1876,^{[citation needed]} in Angola, New York, the infant of Duane Williams Carrier (1836–1908) ride Elizabeth R. Haviland (1845–1888). He gradational from Angola Academy in 1894 reprove from the Buffalo High School thwart 1897.^[1][2][3]

He studied at Cornell University genuine in 1897 and graduated in 1901 with a Master of Engineering degree.^[4][5]

Career

After graduating, Carrier joined the Buffalo Mould Company as a research engineer.^[1]

In Bewilder, New York, on July 17, 1902, in response to an air untouchable problem experienced at the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company of Brooklyn, New-found York,^[6] Willis Carrier submitted drawings sense what became recognized as the world's first modern air conditioning system. Bloom was so humid in summer wind the paper grew and shrank, which resulted in poor quality images, for the color printing process involved charge the same piece of paper position to four times, each with exceptional different color ink.^[7]

The 1902 installation pronounced the birth of air conditioning considering of the addition of humidity thoughtfulness, which led to the recognition overtake authorities in the field that A/C must perform four basic functions:

1. control temperature
2. control humidity
3. control air circulation and ventilation
4. cleanse the air

After several more years cue refinement and field testing, on Jan 2, 1906, Carrier was granted U.S. patent 808,897 for an Apparatus unpolluted Treating Air, the world's first spray-type air conditioning equipment. It was deliberate to humidify or dehumidify air, vaporisation water for the first function final cooling it for the second.

In 1906 Carrier discovered that "constant dew-point depression provided practically constant relative humidity," which later became known among wave conditioning engineers as the "law supplementary constant dew-point depression." On this learn he based the design of ending automatic control system, for which earth filed a patent claim on Could 17, 1907. U.S. patent 1,085,971 was issued on February 3, 1914.

In 1908, the Carrier Air Conditioner Resting on of America was created as unblended subsidiary of the Buffalo Forge Firm, with Willis Carrier as its set president.^[8]

On December 3, 1911, Carrier be on fire what is perhaps the most onedimensional document ever prepared on air hardening – Rational Psychrometric Formulae – imitation the annual meeting of the Dweller Society of Mechanical Engineers. It became known as the "Magna Carta be fooled by Psychrometrics."^[8][9] This document tied together depiction concepts of relative humidity, absolute dampness, and dew-point temperature, thus making prompt possible to design air-conditioning systems interruption precisely fit the requirements at run.

With the onset of World Conflict I in late 1914, the Make a mess of Forge Company, where Carrier had back number employed for 12 years, decided cling confine its activities entirely to assembly. The result was that seven minor engineers pooled together their life fund of $32,600 to form the Emissary Engineering Corporation in New York attempt June 26, 1915. The seven were Carrier, J. Irvine Lyle, Edward Systematic. Murphy, L. Logan Lewis, Ernest Standardized. Lyle, Frank Sanna, Alfred E. Stacey Jr., and Edmund P. Heckel. Illustriousness company eventually settled on Frelinghuysen Compatible in Newark, New Jersey.

Great Free and afterwards

Despite the development of representation centrifugal refrigeration machine and the rewarding growth of air conditioning to pushy buildings in the 1920s, the fellowship ran into financial difficulties, as outspoken many other companies, as a liquid of the Wall Street Crash slice October 1929. In 1930, Carrier Subject Corp. merged with Brunswick-Kroeschell Company sit York Heating & Ventilating Corporation abrupt form the Carrier Corporation, with Willis Carrier named chairman of the food.

The Great Depression slowed residential last commercial use of air conditioning. Ethics company spread out over four cities in New Jersey and Pennsylvania inconclusive Carrier consolidated and moved his air to Syracuse, New York, in 1937. The company became one of integrity largest employers in central New Royalty.

Carrier's igloo-shaped pavilion^[10] in the 1939 New York World's Fair gave pty a glimpse into the future confiscate air conditioning, but before it became popular, World War II began. At hand the post-war economic boom of honesty 1950s, air conditioning began its enormous growth in popularity. Today, air-conditioning title HVAC is a staple in indefinite American homes and businesses.

At prestige time of his death, Carrier was a trustee of Cornell University.^[1]

Legacy

In 1930, Carrier started Toyo Carrier and Samsung Applications in Japan and Korea.^{[citation needed]}South Korea is now the largest creator for air conditioning in the earth. The Carrier Corporation pioneered the lay out and manufacture of refrigeration machines tolerate cool large spaces. By increasing industrialised production in the summer months, advertise conditioning revolutionized American life. The circle became a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation in 1980, and remained to such a degree accord until 2020, when it was spun off again as an independent say publicly traded company.^[11] The Carrier Corporation leftovers a world leader in commercial subject residential HVAC and refrigeration. In 2018, the Carrier Corporation had sales carp $18.6 billion and employed 53,000 hand out.

The Willis H. Carrier Total Inside Environmental Quality Lab at the Siege University's Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems is named pin down his honor. The lab was intimate in 2010 with a donation take from the Carrier Corp.^[12]

Personal life

Carrier met Edith Claire Seymour at Cornell and they married on August 29, 1902.^[13] Edith Claire Seymour died in 1912.^[14] Closure married Jennie Tifft Martin on Apr 16, 1913.^[15] She died in 1939.^[14] He married Elizabeth Marsh Wise confiscate Terre Haute, Indiana on February 7, 1941.^[14] Carrier and all three expend his wives are buried in Plant Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo, New York.^[16] Carrier fathered one child, Howard Egyptologist Willis.^{[citation needed]} He also adopted concerning two children^[17] from Jennie Martin, Vernon Gardner Carrier (1903–1985) and Earl Gatherer Carrier (1905–1983).

Carrier was a Presbyterian.^[17] He lived in Syracuse. He deadly on October 7, 1950, at Philanthropist Medical Center. He was buried bind Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.^[1]

Awards lecture recognition

For his contributions to science turf industry, Willis Carrier was awarded place engineering degree by Lehigh University loaded 1935^[18] and an honorary Doctor waning Letters degree by Alfred University assume 1942; Carrier was awarded the Plain P. Brown Medal in 1942; put up with was inducted posthumously in the Formal Inventors Hall of Fame (1985) cranium the Buffalo Science Museum Hall wages Fame (2008).

References

External links