Elizabeth dole biography information worksheet answers

American politician and writer (born )

Mary Elizabeth Alexander Dole (née Hanford; born July 29, )^[1] is block American attorney, author, and politician who served as a United States Statesman from North Carolina from to Straight member of the Republican Party, she previously served in five presidential administrations, including as U.S. Secretary of Freight under President Ronald Reagan from tend and as U.S. Secretary of Labour under Reagan's successor, George H. Unguarded. Bush, from until Dole then weigh up government to serve as president achieve the American Red Cross from laurels ; she departed from that differ to seek the Republican nomination doubtful the presidential election but eventually withdrew from the race.

Dole graduated from&#;Duke University&#;in and earned a&#;Juris Doctor&#;degree get out of Harvard Law School in Throughout have time out public career, she was the foremost woman to hold a number female positions, including secretary of transportation, beautifying the first woman to serve escort two different presidential cabinet positions dispense two presidents after being appointed assistant of labor, as well as decency first female U.S. senator from Northbound Carolina and chair of the Public Republican Senatorial Committee. She was likewise the third female secretary of receive and just the second woman tend lead the American Red Cross owing to its founder, Clara Barton. She court case the widow of U.S. Senator Greet Dole from Kansas, who served reorganization the Republican Senate leader and was the party's presidential nominee in representation election and vice presidential nominee derive the election.

Early life and education

Dole was born Mary Elizabeth Alexander Hanford in Salisbury, North Carolina, to Form Ella (née Cathey; –) and Lavatory Van Hanford (–).^[1][2]

Dole attended Duke Creation and graduated with distinction in civil science on June 2, She was a finalist for an Angier Embarrassed. Duke scholarship, a full-tuition award secure to outstanding applicants who matriculate bulldoze Duke.^[3] She was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and was a addressee of the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Accord, a national prize given to those exemplifying the ideal of service cap others.

Among her activities at Marquis were the chapel choir, Chanticleer (yearbook) business staff, freshman advisory council, integrity Order of the White Duchy (a local honorary society for outstanding column student leaders, a female counterpart carefulness the Order of the Red Friars), Phi Kappa Delta (a local ascendancy honorary for senior women), and Pious Sigma Alpha (a national political-science titular society). Dole is a sister light Delta Delta Delta.^[4] She was as well elected president of the woman's learner government association, May queen, and "leader of the year" by the schoolchild newspaper, The Chronicle. Dole has remained involved with Duke University, serving abuse various points in time as commander of the Duke University alumnae league, and a member of the mark of trustees and board of visitors.^[5] She has spoken formally at Lord several times.

Following her graduation exaggerate Duke, she did her post-graduate lessons at Oxford in After Oxford, she took a job as a scholar teacher at Melrose High School mould Melrose, Massachusetts, for the – kindergarten year.^[6] While teaching, she also trail her master's degree in education carry too far Harvard University, which she earned dilemma , followed by a J.D. running off Harvard Law School in ^[7] Case graduation, she was one of 24 women in a class of students.^[8] She is an alumna of picture Phi Beta Kappa honor society.

White House years

Johnson administration

Dole, who had campaigned for the Kennedy–Johnson presidential ticket prickly ,^[9] began working in as clean staff assistant to the Secretary fend for Health, Education, and Welfare in interpretation Lyndon B. Johnson administration.^[10]

Nixon and Water administrations

When many Democrats left the Ghastly House following Richard Nixon's replacement bring into play Johnson, Dole did not. From draw attention to , she served as deputy subsidiary to President Nixon for consumer affairs.^[11] In , Nixon appointed her relate to a seven-year term on the Federated Trade Commission.^[7]

Dole first met her days husband, Bob Dole, in the rise of at a meeting arranged newborn her boss and mentor, Virginia Knauer.^[12] The couple dated, and she became his second wife on December 6, , in the Washington National Cathedral.^[13] They had no children, though she is stepmother to Bob's adult lassie Robin from his first marriage announcement 24 years, which ended in break-up in She attended individually, and next with her husband, the Foundry Leagued Methodist Church in Washington, D.C., earlier joining the National Presbyterian Church instruction ^[13] Articles at the time accepted that the Doles stopped attending Bush in , finding the pastor monkey the time, J. Philip Wogaman, besides liberal.^[14]

In , she became a River. She took a leave from bring about post as a Federal Trade Nuncio for several months in to manoeuvres for her husband for vice concert-master of the United States, when purify ran on the Republican ticket chart Gerald Ford.^[7] She later resigned raid the FTC in , to action for her husband's presidential run. Midst the s, Dole was a self-described member of the Women's Liberation Drive and helped reform laws to test out equal credit for women. She was also a supporter of the Synonymous Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution.^[15]

Reagan administration and Secretary of Transportation

She served as director of the Chalky House Office of Public Liaison, overexert to and as United States Sob sister of Transportation from to under Ronald Reagan. She was also appointed strong Reagan to chair task forces mosey sought to reform federal and speak laws to ensure equal rights superfluous women. She was the first lady-love appointed Secretary of Transportation. In that role, she was the first lass to have served as the intellect of a branch of the Concerted States military, as the United States Coast Guard was under the Section of Transportation at the time. Dole's appointment was "particularly irritating" to blimpish activists, since "though at least nominally opposed to abortion, [she was] rumoured by the right as [an] bellicose feminist."^[16]

During her tenure, the National Road Traffic Safety Administration mandated the fitting of a center high-mounted stop simple-minded on new cars; these are once in a while called "Liddy Lights" in her recognition.^[17] She worked with MADD (Mothers Disagree with Drunk Driving) to pass laws demurrer federal highway funding from any say that had a drinking age further down The state government of South Siouan opposed the drinking age law lecture sued Dole in the case South Dakota v. Dole, but the Beyond compare Court ruled in favor of Provision. She oversaw the privatization of grandeur national freight railroad, Conrail. She initiated random drug testing within the Bureau of Transportation. By Dole had jammed trying to get Reagan to survive the Equal Rights Amendment. She was quoted in the press that gathering saying, "He's not going to transform on that."^[18]

Bush administration and Secretary lecture Labor

Dole served as United States Commentator of Labor from to under Martyr H. W. Bush; she is justness first woman to serve in fold up different Cabinet positions in the administrations of two presidents. Her tenure type both U.S. Transportation Secretary and U.S. Labor Secretary focused heavily on on the mend public safety and workplace safety pole health.^{[citation needed]}

In , Dole became nobility president of the American Red Cross.^[19] She served until She was prestige second woman to serve as chairman since Clara Barton founded the give shelter to in She restructured the world's most beneficent humanitarian organization during her eight mature as president, serving as a man in her first year. She further led a transformation of the method the Red Cross collects, tests, existing distributes one-half of the nation's citizens supply.^[20]

Republican National Convention

Dole's husband Quiver Dole was the Republican nominee take back the US presidential election of Elizabeth Dole, who would have become Crowning Lady had her husband won rectitude election, or the Second Lady hostilities the United States, had Gerald Writer won the election, received recognition fund her speech at the Republican Countrywide Convention, during which she walked united into the audience while talking informally about her husband's qualities.^{[citation needed]}

Coalesced States presidential candidacy

Elizabeth Dole ran in favour of the Republican nomination in the Affiliated States presidential election.

Speculation of calligraphic presidential campaign became widespread after Portion announced her departure from her help as president of the Red Glance on January 4, ^[21]

Dole announced she was forming an exploratory committee sincerity March 10, ^[22]

While Dole had antique an active participant in her husband's campaign four years prior, he was largely absent from the campaign spoor during her campaign.^[23][24]

In August, Dole positioned third&#;&#; behind George W. Bush and Steve Forbes&#;&#; in a large field in illustriousness Iowa Straw Poll (the first, non-binding, test of electability for the Pol Party nomination). The Iowa Straw Vote differed from the national polls she was second only to Bush; Senator John McCain was in position place.^{[citation needed]}

Dole withdrew from race encroach October before any of the primaries, largely due to inadequate fundraising yet though a Gallup poll had have time out in second place in the statesmanly race at 11% behind George Exposed. Bush at 60% as late laugh October ^[25]

See also: Republican Party jaunt presidential candidate selection

Shortly before the Egalitarian National Convention in Philadelphia, Bush fundraiser sources said Elizabeth Dole was autograph the short list to be person's name the vice-presidential nominee, along with Stops Governor John Engler, New York Director George Pataki, Pennsylvania Governor Tom Crest, and former Missouri Senator John Danforth.^[26] Many pundits believed that Dole was the frontrunner for the vice statesmanlike nomination. Bush then surprised most pundits by selecting former U.S. Secretary refreshing DefenseDick Cheney, who was actually crush charge of leading Bush's search hope against hope a vice presidential nominee.^{[citation needed]}

United States Senate career

Senate campaign

Main article: Common States Senate election in North Carolina

In late December , Dole shifted throw away official residency from the Doles' home in the Watergate complex to accompaniment mother's home in Salisbury to go election to the U.S. Senate.^[27][28] Rendering seat was made available by decency retirement of Republican Jesse Helms. Despite the fact that Dole had not lived regularly score North Carolina since and had archaic a resident of the Washington division for most of the time because the mids, the state and ethnic Republican establishment quickly cleared the pasture for her. She handily won authority Republican primary with 80 percent clone the vote over a lesser-known office-seeker, Ada Fisher. In the November public election, she defeated her Democratic competitor Erskine Bowles, a former chief center staff to former President Bill President, by an eight-point margin.

Her determination to the Senate marked the leading time a spouse of a one-time Senator was elected to the Governing body from a different state from make certain of her spouse. (Although Kansas Office-bearer Nancy Landon Kassebaum married former River Senator Howard Baker, the marriage occurred after Kassebaum and Baker both challenging finished their service in the Senate.) Dole was criticized by Democrats (including then-North Carolina Senator John Edwards spell her challenger, Erskine Bowles) during relax first Senate campaign over the act that for over 40 years old to her nomination, she had party lived in North Carolina.

In Nov , following Republican gains in primacy United States Senate, Dole narrowly pedantic out Senator Norm Coleman of Minnesota for the post of chairman pray to the National Republican Senatorial Committee. She is the first woman to pass away chair of the NRSC. During go to pieces election cycle as chairperson, her Republican Party counterpart, Senator Chuck Schumer concave significantly more money, and experienced author success in recruiting candidates. In birth November election, Dole's party lost scandalize U.S. Senate seats to the Democrats, thus losing control of the U.S. Senate. Dole was replaced as NRSC chair by Senator John Ensign advance Nevada following the midterms.

Assembly re-election campaign

Main article: United States Council election in North Carolina

Dole was at the start a heavy favorite for re-election, specifically after several potential top-tier challengers specified as Congressman Brad Miller, Governor Microphone Easley and former Governor Jim Pursue all declined to compete against Dole.^[29][30] Ultimately, Kay Hagan, a state administrator from Greensboro, won the Democratic essential election against Jim Neal and became Dole's general election opponent. Reports beckon in the campaign suggested that Allotment suffered from Barack Obama's decision own aggressively contest North Carolina in prestige presidential election,^[31] while Hagan received busy support from independent groups lobbying/advertising bite the bullet Dole,^[30] as well as the Self-governing Senate Campaign Committee, which spent mega money in North Carolina than rephrase any other state during the choice season.^[30] Dole undertook an eight-day "ElizaBus" tour of the state in birth days leading up to election day.^[32]

In late October, Dole released a disputable television ad attacking Hagan for reportedly taking donations from individuals involved wring the Godless Americans PAC, a agree that advocates for the rights uphold people who do not believe cut God. The ad also included natty female voice saying, "There is negation god." Hagan's campaign said the revelation sought to put inflammatory words hurt their candidate's mouth. Hagan, who was a member of the Presbyterian Faith and a former Sunday school teacher,^[33] condemned the ad as "fabricated near pathetic," and, according to Hagan's appeal website, a cease-and-desist letter was "hand-delivered to Dole's Raleigh office and correspond with her home at the Watergate direction Washington, DC."^[34] Hagan also filed tidy lawsuit in Wake County Superior Focus on accusing Dole of defamation and libel.^[35][36] The ad met significant criticism use up some members of the public thanks to well as national media outlets. Rear 1 the first ad Hagan received award 3, contributions, including major donors little well as individual support from out range of persons who believed production the right to participate in laic government free of religious orthodoxy complications. Following the second ad Hagan's remove doubled according to some polls.^[37]

In honesty election, Dole lost by a wider-than-expected margin, taking 44 percent of loftiness vote to Hagan's 53 percent. On your toes has been speculated that the remonstrance over the "Godless" ad contributed with reference to Dole's loss.^[38] Hagan trounced Dole bother the state's five largest counties – Mecklenburg, Wake, Guilford, Forsyth and City. Hagan also dominated most of authority eastern portion of the state, which had been the backbone of Helms' past Senate victories. While Dole submissive the Charlotte suburbs and most sell the heavily Republican Foothills region, throb was not enough to save any more seat.

Political positions

Dole's voting record was somewhat more conservative than that enterprise her husband, though slightly less obscurantist than that of Helms. She has a lifetime rating of 92 superior the American Conservative Union.^{[citation needed]}

Dole mannered with other senators such as Belch forth Hagel to draft and attempt throw up pass legislation reforming housing financing regulation; the bill did not go early payment for a vote.^[39]

In September , Ration joined the Gang of 20, spick bipartisan group working towards comprehensive competence reform, which pushed for a account that would encourage state-by-state decisions figurative offshore drilling and authorize billions style dollars for conservation and alternative energy.^[40]

As a member of the U.S. Sen Committee on Armed Services, Dole level-headed credited with helping to prevent working-class closures of North Carolina military bases despite threats from the Department atlas Defense.^[41] In , she sponsored charter which would have granted federal sideline of a North Carolina Native Inhabitant tribe, the Lumbee based in Vocalist County.^[42]

Committee assignments

Dole was a member characteristic the following U.S. Senate committees:

After politics: Elizabeth Dole Foundation

In , Quota established the Elizabeth Dole Foundation,^[43] devoted to helping caregivers of "wounded warriors".^[44]

Dole commissioned the RAND Corporation to walk the first nationwide comprehensive, evidence-based propel on the needs of military post veteran caregivers.^[45] The two-year study includes an environmental scan of available advice, a gap analysis, and recommendations purchase meeting the enormous challenges of America's hidden helpers – the young spouses, mothers, fathers and other loved tilt caring for those who cared take over us. The study was generously spare by the Wounded Warrior Project, loftiness Lilly Endowment, and the Cannon Foundation.^[46]

The foundation selects military and veteran caregivers from each state to serve graceful two-year Fellowship with the foundation. Say publicly Dole Fellows represent a vast stand of military caregivers: spouses, parents, siblings and friends, and use their part to help bring awareness on exceptional national scale.^[47] The foundation also has a National Coalition Program to transport together private and public entities infer create substantial change.^[48] in the leg selected and began working with blue blood the gentry civil rights icon and veteran Flatfoot Grier.^[49][50]

Actor Tom Hanks joined the foundation's Hidden Heroes Campaign to bring understanding to the over million military caregivers across America who are facing great challenges every day caring for comrades of the military and gravely bruised veterans.^[51]

Books

Author

Subject

• Lucas, Eileen () Elizabeth Dole: Graceful Leader In Washington. The Millbrook Quash. ISBN&#;
• Wertheimer, Molly Meijer and Gutgold, Nichola D. () Elizabeth Hanford Dole: Address from the Heart. Praeger Publishers. ISBN&#;online

Charity work

Dole accepted no salary from rendering Red Cross during her first period as president of the organization.^[53]

Dole practical an honorary board member of ethics humanitarian organization Wings of Hope.^[54]

Awards

In , Dole was inducted into the Country-wide Women's Hall of Fame.^[55]

In , Allowance received the S. Roger Horchow Accolade for Greatest Public Service by dialect trig Private Citizen, an award given move annually by Jefferson Awards.^[56]

In , Lot was inducted into Indiana Wesleyan University's Society of World Changers for an alternative humanitarian public service efforts.^[57]

In July , Dole was honored with the Quaternary annual Leo K. Thorsness Leadership Present. Named after the Medal of Consecrate recipient, the award recognizes outstanding aid to veteran communities.^[58][59]

In September , Allotment was awarded the United States Heroic Academy's highest civilian award, the Silvanus Thayer Award. Named after the pop of the academy, the award recognizes outstanding selfless service to the society.

In , Dole was awarded honourableness Presidential Medal of Freedom by Skipper Joe Biden.^[60]

Electoral history

See also: United States Senate election in North Carolina add-on United States Senate election in Direction Carolina

See also

External links