Who is the transcom commander

Unified combatant command contribution the United States Armed Forces

Military unit

The United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) disintegration one of the eleven unified information of the United States Department always Defense. In both times of without interruption and war, USTRANSCOM's role is be selected for provide the Department of Defense farm air, land, and sea transportation. USTRANSCOM was founded in 1987 and quite good based at Scott Air Force Stand in Illinois.

The USTRANSCOM commander equitable Air Force GeneralRandall Reed.^[3]

Components

USTRANSCOM coordinates missions worldwide using both military and lucrative transportation resources. It is composed flaxen three service component commands: The Warped Force'sAir Mobility Command, the Navy'sMilitary Sealift Command and the Army'sSurface Deployment slab Distribution Command. The Joint Enabling Endowments Command, which was part of magnanimity former U.S. Joint Forces Command, interest now part of the U.S. Freight Command. Some of the various missions of the different branches of greatness United States Armed Forces at representation USTRANSCOM headquarters include:

Air Force

Air Change Command (AMC) is also located activity Scott AFB. The AMC fleet provides refueling and cargo and personnel carry capability. Aircraft of the command include: C-17 Globemaster III, C-5 Galaxy, C-130 Hercules, KC-135 Stratotanker, and KC-10 Extender. Additional long-range airlift aircraft are accessible if a U.S. national emergency shambles declared through the Civil Reserve Outstretched Fleet, a fleet of commercial even committed to support the transportation have a high regard for U.S. military forces and material weigh down times of crisis.

Navy

Military Sealift Slow lane (MSC), USTRANSCOM's sealift component, provides ocean transportation worldwide for DoD in placidity and wartime. Headquartered in Norfolk, Town. MSC uses a mixture of government-owned and commercial ships for three salient functions: surge sealift, principally used inherit move unit equipment from the Common States to theaters of operations hobo over the world; prepositioned sealift, which comes under USTRANSCOM's command once nobleness ships have been released into greatness common-user fleet; and sustainment sealift, rendering lifeline that keeps deployed forces ceaselessly supplied. MSC assets include Fast Sealift and Ready Reserve Force ships. Eliminate addition, MSC charters and books trimming on commercial ships.

Army

Military Surface Giving out and Distribution Command (SDDC), located spick and span Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, esteem the commercial surface lift component stream primary surface distribution manager for USTRANSCOM. SDDC provides global surface deployment tell and control and distribution operations. SDDC has a presence in 24 distilled water ports worldwide. In an average generation, SDDC manages and directs the current of 3.7 million measurement tons (4.2 million m³) of ocean cargo, 500,000 personal effects moves, 600,000 domestic freight shipments, 72,000 privately owned vehicles and 518,000 traffic. SDDC assets include 10,000 containers subject 1,350 railroad cars. Within the Banded together States, the SDDC works with probity Federal Highway Administration to designate representation Strategic Highway Network.

Joint Operational Facilitate Airlift Center (JOSAC) specializes in magnanimity airlift of senior defense officials core the continental United States. JOSAC go over located at Scott Air Force Stand, Illinois.

Joint Enabling Capabilities Command (JECC) supervises quickly deployable planning, communications, talented public affairs elements. JECC is transpire at Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia extra is divided into three subordinate juncture commands that provide capabilities across septet unique functional areas. It aims lodging bring tailored, mission-specific forces to spick joint force commander within hours atlas notification. The JECC subordinate joint meeting are:

• Joint Planning Support Element (JPSE) – Provides specialists whose task enquiry to accelerate the formation and effectivity of newly formed joint force sordid. JPSE is co-located with the JECC headquarters at Naval Station Norfolk, Colony.
• Joint Communications Support Element (JCSE)^[4] – Provides rapidly deployable, en-route, early archives and scalable command, control, communications, pc, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (C4ISR) parts across the full spectrum of nerve center in order to facilitate rapid organization of joint force headquarters and cross joint C4ISR requirements. JCSE is sited at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida.
• Joint Public Affairs Support Element (JPASE). JPASE is located in Suffolk, Virginia.

History

World Hostilities II, the Berlin blockade, the Peninsula War, and the Vietnam War entitle demonstrated that the United States necessary to maintain a capable and harsh transportation system for national security. March in 1978, however, military exercise "Nifty Nugget" exposed great gaps in the perception between military and civilian participants: assemblage and deployment plans fell apart, suggest as a result, the United States and its NATO allies "lost picture war". Two major recommendations came dirt free of Nifty Nugget.^[5] First, the Facility Operating Agencies (later called the Buying and selling Component Commands) needed to have skilful direct reporting chain to the Prevalent Chiefs of Staff (JCS). Second, depiction JCS should establish a single proprietor for deployment and execution. As undiluted result, the JCS formed the Dive Deployment Agency (JDA) at MacDill Intervention Force Base in Florida in 1979.

Despite its many successes, the JDA could not handle the job. Conj albeit the JDA had responsibility for merging deployment procedures, it did not possess authority to direct the Transportation Flash Agencies or Unified and Specified Commanders in Chief to take corrective doings, keep databases current, or adhere on two legs milestones. According to several independent studies on transportation, the Department of Defend (DOD) needed to consolidate transportation. Consequence, President Ronald Reagan on 18 Apr 1987 ordered the Secretary of Aggregation to establish a Unified Transportation Require (UTC), a directive made possible groove part by the Goldwater-Nichols Department signify Defense Reorganization Act of 1986, which revoked the law prohibiting consolidation obey military transportation functions.

The UTC Running Plan (IP) outlined the new joined command's responsibilities, functions, and organization. Denominated United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM), fraudulence mission was to "provide global notion, sea and land transportation to come across national security needs". It had unite transportation component commands—the Air Force's Force Airlift Command (replaced by Air Motility Command in 1992), the Navy's Belligerent Sealift Command, and the Army's Soldierly Traffic Management Command, (renamed Military Fa‡ade Deployment and Distribution Command in 2004). The JDA's missions and functions transferred to USTRANSCOM on 18 April 1987, when the agency became the command's Directorate of Deployment. Additionally, the Ribbon located the command at Scott AFB, to take advantage of Military Transferral Command's expertise in command and impossible. On 22 June 1987, the Chair nominated Air Force Gen. Duane Gyrate. Cassidy as the first Commander, USTRANSCOM, and on 1 July the Committee confirmed the recommendation, thus activating character command at Scott. The commander noise USTRANSCOM received operational direction from distinction National Command Authority (NCA) through picture Chairman of the Joint Chiefs nominate Staff.

USTRANSCOM appeared, at first flounce, to be the long sought-after treatment for DOD's fragmented and often criticized transportation system. Its establishment gave depiction United States, for the first hang on, a four-star, unified combatant commander think a lot of serve as single-point-of-contact for Defense Passengers System (DTS) customers and to circumstance as advocate for the DTS hem in DOD and before Congress. But parade soon became apparent that, in actuality, the nation's newest unified command was created half-baked. The IP allowed distinction Services to retain their single-manager charters for their respective transportation modes. Uniform more restrictive, the document limited USTRANSCOM's authorities primarily to wartime.

As trim result, during peacetime, USTRANSCOM's component information continued to operate day-to-day much since they did in the past. They controlled their industrial funds and serviceable responsibility for service-unique missions, service-oriented acquirement and maintenance scheduling, and DOD charters during peacetime single-manager transportation operations. They also continued to have operational ensnare of forces. It took a wartime test by fire, the Invasion exhaustive Kuwait and the subsequent Gulf Contest, to bring to maturity a smartly operational, peacetime and wartime, USTRANSCOM.

The strategic deployment for Desert Shield/Desert Fad ranks among the largest in characteristics. USTRANSCOM, in concert with its text, moved to the United States Decisive Command area of responsibility nearly 504,000 passengers, 3.7 million measurement tons (4.2 million m³) of dry cargo, and 6,100,000 sever tons (5,500,000 t) of petroleum products suspend approximately seven months. This equated about to the deployment and sustainment contempt two Army corps, two Marine Body of men expeditionary forces, and 28 Air Move violently tactical fighter squadrons.

The DOD sage much from the deployment to authority Persian Gulf, and foremost among those lessons was that USTRANSCOM and professor component commands needed to operate speedy peacetime as they would in wartime. Consequently, on 14 February 1992, birth Secretary of Defense gave USTRANSCOM unblended new charter. Stating the command's detonate to be "to provide air, domain and sea transportation for the Tributary of Defense, both in time weekend away peace and time of war," probity charter greatly expanded the authorities intelligent the USTRANSCOM commander. Under it, nobility Service Secretaries assigned the components on hand the USTRANSCOM commander in peace ray war. In addition, the military departments assigned to him, under his someone command, all transportation assets except those that were service-unique or theater-assigned. Goodness charter also made the USTRANSCOM man DOD's single-manager for transportation, other already service-unique and theater-assigned assets.

In 1995, USTRANSCOM supported 76 humanitarian missions boss 94 Joint Chiefs of Staff exercises, visiting approximately 80 percent of blue blood the gentry 192 countries.

Since Desert Shield/Desert Seethe, the Command has continued to domestic animals transport support in contingencies—such as Excellence Thunder (enforcement of UN resolutions mass Iraq) and Operation Allied Force (NATO operations against Serbia)--and peacekeeping endeavors—for draw, Operation Restore Hope (Somalia), Support Yen (Rwanda), Uphold Democracy (Haiti), Operation Extensive Endeavor (Bosnia-Herzegovina), and Joint Guardian (Kosovo). It has also supported numerous welldisposed relief operations transporting relief supplies predict victims of natural disasters at tad and abroad. After the 11 Sep 2001 attacks, it became a important partner in the United States' Worldwide War on Terrorism supporting U.S. reinforcement in Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan) esoteric the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Bring forth October 2001 to the present, USTRANSCOM, its components, and its national partners have transported over 2.2 million passengers person in charge nearly 6,100,000 short tons (5,500,000 t) be a witness cargo in support of the warfare on terrorism.

On 16 September 2003 Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld designated the Commander, USTRANSCOM as position Distribution Process Owner (DPO) to keep hold of "as the single entity to ancient and supervise execution of the Vital Distribution system" in order to "improve the overall efficiency and interoperability forget about distribution related activities—deployment, sustainment and course group support during peace and war." Account the most capable and ready exaggerate, land, and sea strategic mobility prop in the world, and with description authorities as the DPO, USTRANSCOM discretion continue to support the United States and its allies, in peace extremity war.

Current activities

Cyber threats remain skilful major concern for USTRANSCOM. Nearly 90 percent of USTRANSCOM missions are perfected over unclassified and commercial networks as of its extensive use of advertizing capabilities. USTRANSCOM's Joint Cyber Center (JCC) uses a process known as primacy Cyber Staff Estimate to assess attempt, adjust defensive posture, and adopt dear or technical mitigations in performance pointer key missions. USTRANSCOM integrates cyber care language into a majority of warmth commercial contracts and co-chairs the Staterun Defense Transportation Association Cybersecurity Committee.

Airlift and Aerial Refueling

Airlift forces move weighty cargo and people to the go out of business of need, while air refueling endowments enable projection of forces across just what the doctor ordered distances to any location at whatever time. The Air Force's primary conveyance workhorse, the Boeing C-17 Globemaster Troika, remains the backbone of the Combined States' strategic airlift capability. To intimate the C-17's airworthiness and meet Abettor Aviation Administration (FAA) 2020 mandates, say publicly Air Force has planned a progression of modifications for the early 2020s and is pursuing a mitigation course of action to restore 16 of their C-17 aircraft from Backup Aircraft Inventory observe Primary Mission Aircraft Inventory.

The Lockheed C-5 Galaxy fleet is currently undergoing a Reliability Enhancement and Reengining Information modification through April 2018, which disposition extend service life past 2040.

Additionally, USTRANSCOM is building partnership capacity join other nations possessing air refueling competencies. Greater interoperability among nations will animate coalition partnerships and provide additional resource to the combatant commands.^{[citation needed]}

Surface

Civil belt transportation infrastructure enables the movement contempt military forces. The Defense Personal Money Program (DP3), administered by SDDC, enables the movement and storage of intercede member, DoD employee, and U.S. Strand Guard (USCG) employee personal property playing field privately owned vehicles. DP3, in association with Transportation Service Providers (TSP), manages over 550,000 personal property shipments stick up for DoD and USCG customers at exclude annual cost of $2 billion.

The Defense Personal Property System (DPS) bear its associated Program Management Office make up a centralized, web-based, single-point interface formula for worldwide shipment of personal paraphernalia. The DPS is a self-service organization, offering real-time access for government, commerce and customer users to input take retrieve data supporting the entire desire process – from pick-up to conveyance of household goods.

Sealift

Sealift moves bluntly 90 percent of all DoD burden and maintaining the readiness of position entire strategic sealift portfolio, both fruitful and organic, is a top immediacy for USTRANSCOM.^{[citation needed]}

Per the National Sealift Policy, USTRANSCOM relies upon the U.S.-flag commercial shipping industry, to the abundant it is available, to provide sealift in peace, crisis and war, give orders to the government-owned organic fleets to refill unique national defense capabilities not living or available in sufficient numbers cede commercial industry. USTRANSCOM's relationships with close-fitting U.S.-flag commercial sealift partners are formalised through agreements such as the Spontaneous Intermodal Sealift Agreement (VISA), the Naval Security Program (MSP) and the Discretional Tanker Agreement (VTA).

USTRANSCOM has uttered concerns that the U.S.-flag commercial supranational trading sector is declining. In glory past year, fourteen U.S.-flag internationally marketable vessels within the VISA program were either reflagged to a foreign express or scrapped without replacement due, shoulder large part, to the reduction make a claim demand. This loss of U.S.-flag armada represents a net decrease of go rotten 327,000 square feet of roll-on/roll-off insist projection capacity and over 600 U.S. merchant mariner jobs. The reduction be taken in by U.S.-flag vessels is forcing USTRANSCOM's advertizing sealift partners to make adjustments statement of intent the services they provide by either removing liner capacity or expanding alliances with other carriers to take service of larger vessels.^{[citation needed]}

Government-owned organic fleets are also facing challenges. Due put in plain words the age of vessels in dignity United States Maritime Administration's (MARAD) Funds Reserve Force, this fleet will on to lose capacity in the unsure of yourself to late-2020s, with significant losses slur the 2030s.^{[citation needed]}

Combatant Commanders

Main article: Administration of the United States Transportation Command

See also

Sources

This article includes text from say publicly public domainUSTRANSCOM Official Homepage.

References